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What Is a Letter of Intent (LOI) and How to Understand It

By Huber Bongolan

When it comes to real estate financing, a Letter of Intent (LOI) is often the first step toward securing a loan. But not all LOIs are created equal. Some lenders give them out like candy, barely understanding the deal in attempts to lock in clients. Others take a more thoughtful approach, ensuring that an LOI reflects a properly vetted deal.

At Flipside Lending, we make sure to ask the right questions upfront, so when we issue an LOI, you can trust that the terms are real.

So, what exactly is an LOI, and how should you evaluate one before moving forward? Let’s break it down.

What is an LOI?

A Letter of Intent (LOI) is a preliminary document that outlines the key terms of a proposed loan between a borrower and a lender. Think of it as a handshake before the formal contract—it sets expectations but is not legally binding.

An LOI typically includes:

  • Loan Amount – The estimated loan size based on underwriting.
  • Loan-to-Value (LTV) or Loan-to-Cost (LTC) Ratio – The percentage of the property’s value or total project cost the lender is willing to finance.
  • Interest Rate – The expected rate for the loan term.
  • Loan Term – The length of the loan. Often 12-24 months for bridge or construction loans, and 30 years for DSCR loans.
  • Origination Fees & Closing Costs – Any lender and broker fees involved in the transaction.
  • Property Information – Address, unit count, and estimated after-repair value (ARV) if applicable.

While an LOI is not a commitment, it serves as a roadmap for structuring the loan.

How to Evaluate an LOI When Financing Your Real Estate Investment Property

Not all LOIs are created equal, and you should always read the fine print before accepting. Here are four key factors to consider:

1. Lender Reputation & Integrity

Some lenders issue LOIs just to lock borrowers in, only to change terms later. This is called re-trading—a bait-and-switch tactic where a lender suddenly increases the interest rate, lowers leverage, or adds recourse requirements that weren’t originally disclosed.

At Flipside Lending, we stand by our LOIs. Unless due diligence uncovers a major red flag, the terms we propose are the terms we deliver.

2. Are the Terms Competitive?

Compare the LOI terms with market standards. A few questions to ask:

  • Is the interest rate competitive for this loan type?
  • Are the fees reasonable compared to other lenders?
  • Does the loan amount and leverage align with your needs?

If something seems off, ask the lender for clarification before signing.

3. Binding vs. Non-Binding Clauses

Most LOIs are non-binding, but some include certain provisions that do carry legal weight, such as:

  • Exclusivity Clauses – Preventing you from seeking other financing.
  • Deposit Requirements – Some lenders require an upfront deposit to begin underwriting.
  • Third-Party Costs – Be aware of appraisal, inspection, and feasibility costs, which are typically non-refundable.

At Flipside Lending, our LOIs clearly state that borrowers are responsible for third-party costs, but we don’t charge unnecessary junk fees.

Final Thoughts

An LOI is more than just a piece of paper—it sets the foundation for your financing. Whether you’re purchasing a fix-and-flip, refinancing an investment property, or securing a construction loan, understanding your LOI is crucial to avoiding surprises later.

At Flipside Lending, we believe in transparency, integrity, and honoring our terms. If you’re looking for financing that you can trust, let’s talk.

Interested in learning more? Contact us today to discuss your next deal.

Good luck out there, my friends. I’m always happy to help so feel free to email me at hbongolan@flipsideloans.com.